Extractive Metallurgy of Copper
A completely revised and up-to-date edition containing comprehensive industrial data. The many significant changes which occurred during the 1980s and 1990s are chronicled. Modern high intensity smelting processes are presented in detail, specifically flash, Contop, Isasmelt, Noranda, Teniente and direct-to-blister smelting. Considerable attention is paid to the control of SO2 emissions and manufacture of H2SO4. Recent developments in electrorefining, particularly stainless steel cathode technology are examined. Leaching, solvent extraction and electrowinning are evaluated together with their impact upon optimizing mineral resource utilization. The volume targets the recycling of copper and copper alloy scrap as an increasingly important source of copper and copper alloys. Copper quality control is also discussed and the book incorporates an important section on extraction economics. Each chapter is followed by a summary of concepts previously described and offers suggested further reading and references
1 online resource (519 pages)
9781483287850, 1483287858
1048754916
Front Cover; Extractive Metallurgy of Copper; Copyright Page; Table of Contents; Preface to the Third Edition; Preface to the Second Edition; Preface to the First Edition; Chapter 1. Synopsis; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Extraction of Copper from Sulphide Ores; 1.3 Hydrometallurgical Extraction of Copper; 1.4 Melting of Cathodes and Casting; 1.5 Recycle of Copper and Copper-Alloy Scrap; 1.6 Miscellaneous Copper Processes; 1.7 Summary of Chapter; Suggested Reading; References; Chapter 2 Production Statistics; 2.1 Location of Copper Deposits; 2.2 Location of Extraction Facilities. 2.3 Copper Minerals and Cut-Off Grades2.4 Price of Copper; 2.5 Summary of Chapter; Suggested Reading; References; Chapter 3 Concentration of Copper Ores; 3.1 Concentration Flowsheet; 3.2 Crushing and Grinding (Comminution); 3.3 Size Classification; 3.4 Froth Flotation; 3.5 Specific Flotation Procedures for Copper Ores; 3.6 Flotation Cells, Residence Times; 3.7 Sensors, Operation and Control; 3.8 The Flotation Product; 3.9 Other Flotation Separations; 3.10 Summary of Chapter; Suggested Reading; References; Chapter 4. Matte Smelting; 4.1 Reactions; 4.2 Industrial Arrangements for Matte Smelting. 4.3 Objectives and Control4.4 Smelting Mechanisms; 4.5 Atate; 4.6 Slag; 4.7 Creating Matte-Slag Immiscibility; 4.8 Copper Distribution Between Matte and Slag; 4.9 Choice of Matte Grade (% Cu in Matte); 4.10 Behaviour of Impurities During Smelting; 4.11 Summary of Chapter; Suggested Reading; References; Chapter 5. Flash Smelting-Outokumpu Process; 5.1 Outokumpu Flash Furnace; 5.2 Operation-Startup and Shutdown; 5.3 Steady State Operation; 5.4 Control; 5.5 Optimum Operating Conditions; 5.6 Process Variations; 5.7 Dust and Waste Heat Boiler Problems; 5.8 Recent Developments. 5.9 Future Developments5.10 Summary of Chapter; Suggested Reading; References; Chapter 6. Flash Smelting-Inco Process; 6.1 Process Description; 6.2 Construction Details; 6.3 Auxiliary Equipment; 6.4 Operation; 6.5 Advantages of Inco Flash Smelting; 6.6 Summary of Chapter; Suggested Reading; References; Chapter 7. Reverberatory Furnace Matte Smelting; 7.1 Reasons for Decline of Reverberatory Smelting 13; 7.2 Description of the Process; 7.3 Construction Details; 7.4 Burners; 7.5 Summary of Chapter; Suggested Reading; References; Chapter 8. Electric Furnace Matte Smelting. 8.1 Advantages and Disadvantages8.2 Description; 8.3 Construction Details; 8.4 Electrical System; 8.5 Power Input, Productivity, Control; 8.6 Energy Requirements and Costs; 8.7 Summary of Chapter; Suggested Reading ; References; Chapter 9. Noranda and Teniente Processes; 9.1 Noranda Process; 9.2 Reaction Mechanisms; 9.3 Operation and Control; 9.4 Production Rate Enhancement; 9.5 Teniente Process; 9.6 Process Description; 9.7 Operation and Control; 9.8 Dry Concentrate Injection Through Tuyeres; 9.9 Other Developments; 9.10 Summary of Chapter; Suggested Reading; References
Chapter 10. Emerging Matte Smelting Technologies-Isasmelt, Vanyukov and Contop Processes