Manufacturing Inequality: Gender Division in the French and British Metalworking Industries, 1914-1939Manufacturing Inequality compares the complex historical process whereby metals employers in two distinct national and cultural settings first brought women into their factories and then reorganized work procedures and managerial structures to accommodate the new workforce. Drawing from an extensive range of previously untapped industrial archives, Laura Lee Downs analyzes how sexual difference was transformed from a principle for excluding women into a basis for dividing labor within the newly restructured production process. She explores the origins of wage discrimination and occupational segregation through the lens of managerial strategy, tracing the gendered redefinition of job skills, the division of the shop floor into hierarchically ordered spaces, the deployment of women welfare supervisors, and the implantation of scientific management techniques. |
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Contents
War and the Rationalization of Work | 15 |
Equal Opportunity Denied | 47 |
Toward an Epistemology of Skill | 79 |
Unraveling the Sacred Union | 119 |
Welfare Supervision and Labor Discipline 19161918 | 147 |
Demobilization and the Reclassification of Labor 19181920 | 186 |
The Schizophrenic Decades 19201939 | 227 |
The Limits of Labor Stratification in Interwar Britain | 276 |
Common terms and phrases
Boulogne-Billancourt Britain CDEEA Citroën craft craftsmen crèches d'usine demand deskilling distinction division of labor domestic Dubesset earnings economic effort employed employment equal pay factory floor female labor female workforce feminine femmes entrent firm Fordism foremen France French employers fully skilled girls hierarchy hired Ibid industrialists interwar period labor force labor power labor process Léon Jouhaux London Louis Loucheur machine managerial married women men's metals employers metalworking middle-class Ministry of Munitions Mlle munitions workers natalist nursing rooms NUVB officials organization output ouvrières paid Paris percent plant police political postwar prewar pro-natalist production productivist quoted Renault repetition Rover semiskilled sexual division shell shift shop-floor social strategy strike structure supervision surintendantes syndicalist tasks technical Thébaud tion trade union Travail UIMM unskilled usines de guerre wartime week welfare supervisor welfarist woman Women in Industry women workers women's wages Woolwich Arsenal working-class