Selection Methods in Plant BreedingSelection procedures used in plant breeding have gradually developed over a very long time span, in fact since settled agriculture was ?rst undertaken. Nowadays these procedures range from very simple mass selection methods, sometimes applied in an ine?ective way, to indirect trait selection based on molecular markers. The procedures di?er in costs as well as in genetic - ciency.Incontrasttothegenetice?ciency,costsdependonthelocalconditions encountered by the breeder. The genetic progress per unit of money invested varies consequently from site to site. This book considers consequently only the genetic e?ciency, i.e. the rate of progress to be expected when applying a certain selection procedure. Ifabreederhasacertainbreedinggoalinmind,aselectionprocedureshould be chosen. A wise choice requires a wellfounded opinion about the response to be expected from any procedure that might be applied. Such an opinion should preferably be based on the most appropriate model when considering the crop and the trait (or traits) to be improved. Sometimes little knowledge is available about the genetic control of expression of the trait(s). This applies particularly in the case of quantitative variation in the traits. It is, therefore, important to be familiar with methods for the elucidation of the inheritance of the traits of interest. This means, in fact, that the breeder should be able to develop population genetic and quantitative genetic models that describe the observed mode of inheritance as satisfactorily as possible. |
Contents
7 | |
Population Genetic Effects of Inbreeding | 33 |
Assortative Mating and Disassortative Mating | 59 |
Population Genetic Effect of Selection with regard | 68 |
6 | 77 |
Random Variation of Allele Frequencies | 107 |
8 | 119 |
9 | 173 |
Genotype Environment Interaction | 325 |
Selection with Regard to a Trait | 339 |
Reduction of the Detrimental Effect of Allocompetition | 380 |
Optimizing the Evaluation of Candidates by means | 405 |
Causes of the Low Efficiency of Selection | 421 |
The Optimum Generation to Start Selection | 429 |
Experimental Designs for the Evaluation | 437 |
445 | |
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Common terms and phrases
absence according additive adjustment allele amounts applied assumed basis blocks breeder breeding calculated candidates coefficient of correlation competition complete components considered consisting continued crops cross cross-fertilizing depends derived developed distribution dominance effect efficiency environmental equal Equation estimated evaluated Example expression families frequency FS-families genetic genotypic composition genotypic value given gives grain yield grid growing conditions grown haplotype height heterozygous higher homozygous hybrid illustrated implies inbreeding increase indicated interaction involved latter lines loci locus mating mean Note observed obtained occurs offspring parameters parents performance phenotypic plant density plant material plants with genotype plots pollen population positive possible predicted present probability procedure produced progenies pure lines quantitative random reason reduction regard relative representing reproduction response seed segregating selection self-fertilizing selfing shows single situation standard studied Table tend testing tion trait variance variation variety
Popular passages
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