EXERCISE 18. STEEL. Compound of iron and carbon-native steel, Sweden and elsewhere -processes of tempering various-ice-brook temper' (R. Browning)— elasticity, hardness, brittleness-now manufactured on large scaleimprovements by Bessemer and others—steel rails (why preferable?) -steel cannon, armour-plating, &c.—high polish-Query= adamant of Homer?-chief places for steel manufacture. EXERCISE 19. COMETS. Name, Gk. Koμh (comé), hair-usual form-very small density-. how shown?-no apparent attractive power upon the earth-orbits elliptic-Donati's comet, 1858-a very beautiful object; tail perhaps 40,000,000 miles long-telescopic comets numerous-terror inspired by comets formerly-sword hanging over Jerusalem' before siege, probably a comet-orbits of some comets known-of more, unknown, &c. EXERCISE 20. THE DAISY. Botanical order, Compositae-outside florets expanding, whitecentral, crowded, yellow-leaves often tipped with red-closes at night, and opens at dawn-? hence name = day's eye-honoured by poetsChaucer, "Legend of Good Women," Prologue : 'Thanne love I most these floures white and rede, Burns (Wee, modest, crimson-tipped flour,' &c.)-Montgomerybeloved of children-hated of gardeners (on lawns)-any other varieties, cultivated or wild? EXERCISE 21. THE SUNDEW. Bot. name, drósera (Gk. Spóσos, dew), from appearance of leaves beautiful appearance of masses growing together, each filament bearing a minute dew-drop-entraps small insects-curiosity of carnivorous plants-habitat: wet marshy ground, sides of meres, &c.-three varieties-leaves bright red-flower white, not showy-difficult to cultivate. EXERCISE 22. THE CAT. Same order as lion, tiger, &c.—great resemblance in shape and ways -cats domesticated in Egypt-strange stories by Herodotus, showing how the Egyptians esteemed cats-wild cat nearly extinct in Britainvarieties, Persian, Manx, Angora (describe any of these known)reasons for the general keeping of cats-habits, especially as compared with dogs-any story showing intelligence of cats. EXERCISE 23. THE BISON. Exists only in North America-vast herds-peculiar appearance (describe it)—great destruction of bisons by reckless hunting-value to man: hide, horns; pemmican (sort of dry preserved meat-cake)— bisons destroyed by being driven over a precipice (cruelty of such hunting")-bisons besetting a railway track-bisons timid, readily take flight. EXERCISE 24. THE THRUSH. Same genus as field-fare and red-wing-remains in Britain whole year (field-fare and red-wing only in winter)-describe size, appearance (speckled breast), &c.-his song-fond of singing perched on top of tree or building-where he builds-food of thrush (snails, worms, &c.)-variety, missel-thrush ("storm-cock"; why so-called ?)-abundance of them-sensibly reduced by a severe winter-bred by Romans for food-large farm aviaries. EXERCISE 25. THE CAMPANERO. Name, campána, a bell ("bell-bird ")—described by Waterton ("Wanderings in South America")-note audible to distance of three miles (?)-only found in tropical parts of South America-curious "horn," raised in excitement and during utterance of note plumage white-other birds which emit vocal cries; hoopoe, cuckoo, whip-poor-will. III. Additional subjects for original composition continued (more difficult) : : EXERCISES 26-81. Ex. 26. The good and evil results which have attended the inven tion of gunpowder. Ex. 27. The most eminent statesmen of England in the present year. Ex. 28.-In what ways photography has contributed to the happiness and material advantage of mankind. Ex. 29. Comparison of the enjoyment to be derived from painting and sculpture. Ex. 30.-A first visit to Tintern, Furness, or Fountains Abbey. Ex. 31.-Comparison of the ways in which the great Franco-Germani war has affected France and Germany. Ex. 32.-The Zulu war, 1879. Ex. 33. Good and bad effects of reading novels. Ex. 34.-Comparison of the present age with the "good old times" in the light of history. Ex. 35.-Whether should the History of England begin with the ancient Britons or with the landing of the Teutonic tribes? Ex. 36.-On the traces of Keltic Britain remaining in the language, the geographical names, the blood and national features of modern England. Ex. 37.-A visit to one of the many ruined feudal castles in England. Ex. 38.-Comparison of the enjoyment to be derived from botany and from entomology. Ex. 39.-Comparison of the pleasures of a walking tour and a tour undertaken driving. Ex. 40.-A visit to Gloucester or some other of our great cathedrals. Ex. 41.-Contrast between the state of Northern Africa, say about A.D. 200, and now. Ex. 42.-The great changes in the state of England which have been made by Act of Parliament during the present century. Ex. 43.-Attempt to show what the life within an abbey was like in the 14th century. Ex. 44.-Comparison of the more striking features of Grecian and "Gothic" architecture. Ex. 45.-Some disadvantages that have resulted from the introduction of steam-power. Ex. 46.-Show from history that progress rarely, if ever, goes steadily on from point to point, but is liable to interruption and reversal. Ex. 47.-Advantages and disdavantages of a fertile soil, with examples from ancient and modern history. Ex. 48.-The nature of "Protection" in trade and manufactures, with the alleged advantages of nursing and favouring native industry. Ex. 49.-Laudes maris: the benefits of the sea. Ex. 50.-Discussion of the maxim-"Buy in the cheapest market and sell in the dearest"; especially with reference to any hardships resulting from uniform adherence to it. Ex. 51.-Some account of additions made to our geographical knowledge during late years. Ex. 51.-Show what important results would follow the constructing of a ship-canal across the Isthmus of Darien. Ex. 52. The present political state of Europe as compared with that prior to the Crimean war (1854). Ex. 53.-London compared with what it was thirty years ago; what changes have been real improvements, and what not. Ex. 54.-Description of the Albert Memorial, Hyde Park. Ex. 55. The nature of the enjoyment derived from a tour in a mountainous region. Ex. 56.-The severe winter of 1878-1879. Ex. 57.-The Calendar of Nature (seasons and months distinguished by plants, migration of birds, &c.). Ex. 58. The characters of the Greek generals as described by Xenophon in the Anabasis.' Ex. 59.-Comparison of the characters of Wellington and Napoleor. Ex. 60.-First impressions of the "Land of the mountain and the flood"; supposed to be written by a native of one of the midland counties. Ex. 61.-Clouds; their various aspects and intimations. Ex. 62.-Chief features of a railway journey as compared with a coach ride between the same two places. Ex. 63.—Comparison of the profession of a lawyer with that of a doctor. Ex. 64.-Different intellectual pursuits, as affording recreation and pleasure in the intervals of business or arduous duty. Ex. 65.-Comparison of the pleasure to be derived from music and painting. Ex. 66. The most impressive features of the drama of 'Macbeth' or of Julius Caesar.' Ex. 67.-Comparison of the tastes and pleasures of the "cheerful and the "pensive" man, as described in Milton's 'L'Allegro' and 'Il Penseroso. Ex. 68.—The story of " David Copperfield" and its lessons. Ex. 69.-"Beware of desperate steps, the darkest day Ex. 70.-"The friends thou hast, and their election tried, (Shak. Ham. i. 3.) To have a giant's strength; but it is tyrannous (Measure for Measure, ii. 2.) Ex. 72.-"The fault, dear Brutus, is not in our stars, (J. Caesar, i. 2.) Ex. 73.-"The sense of death is most in apprehension: (Measure for Measure, iii. 1.) Ex. 74. This, our life, exempt from public haunt, (As You Like It, ii. 1.) Ex. 75. "Even-handed justice Commends the ingredients of our poisoned chalice (Macbeth, i. 7.) (K. John, iv. 2.) Ex. 76.-"How oft the sight of means to do ill deeds Ex. 77.-(Exile.) "All places that the eye of heaven visits Ex. 78.-Illustrate from English history: (K. Richard, i. 3.) "Within the hollow crown, That rounds the mortal temples of a king Ex. 79.-"There is some soul of goodness in things evil, Ex. 80.-(Conscience in soldiers and kings.) (K. Henry V. iv. 1.) K. HEN. (disguised.)—Methinks I could not die anywhere so contented as in the king's company, his cause being just, and his quarrel honourable. WILL.-That's more than we know. BATES.-Ay, or more than we should seek after; for we know enough, if we know we are the king's subjects; if his cause be wrong, our obedience to the king wipes out the crime of it. WILL.-But if the cause be not good, the king himself hath a heavy reckoning to make." (lb.) Ex. 81.-" Thus conscience does make cowards of us all ; And thus the native hue of resolution Is sicklied o'er with the pale cast of thought; And enterprises of great pith and moment, Compared with this: "Thrice is he armed that hath his quarrel just; IV. Paragraphs and sentences faultily constructed, for correction and improvement. EXERCISE 82. The Franks filled the north of Gaul with terror and devastation; strangers to their1 arts and manners they ravaged with indifference and with a sort of pleasure the Roman cities and colonies. Being pagans no religious sympathy tempered the ferocity of war. They spared3 neither sex nor age, say the ancient historians, they destroyed3 as readily churches as private houses, they advanced towards the south gradually, invading the whole extent of Gaul, while the Goths and |