First Lessons in Geology; with a special article on the toadstones of Derbyshire, and a glossary ... sections, etcJ. & C. Mozley, 1857 - 173 pages |
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Common terms and phrases
abound Ammonites ancient animals argillaceous basin beautiful beds belonging building-stone Buxton calcareous called carboniferous caverns chalk character chert chiefly coal coal-beds coal-fields coast colour composed containing corals crystalline crystals deposits Derbyshire earth encrinital England Eocene extensively extinct feet thick felspar fish flints formation fossil fossiliferous fragments genus Geology gigantic granite gravel green sand grey gritstone gypsum Hence High Tor hills hornblend inches iron latter Lepidodendron lias lime lizard London London clay lower Lyell magnesian limestone marble marl mass Matlock measures metamorphic mica miles millstone grit mineral molluscous name given North occurs old red sandstone Oolite organic remains PALEOZOIC Paris basin plants quadrupeds quarried quartz remarkable reptiles river rocks schist second toadstone shale shells siliceous Silurian slaty sometimes South species springs stone strata stratified surface syenite term applied tertiary thin toadstone Trilobites upper valleys variety vast veins volcanic Wales Yorkshire
Popular passages
Page 136 - Shells and corals are the most frequent, and with them are often associated the bones and teeth of fishes, fragments of wood, impressions of leaves, and other organic substances. Fossil shells, of forms such as now abound in the sea, are met with far inland, both near the surface, and at great depths below it. They occur at all heights above the level of the ocean, having been observed at elevations of...
Page 42 - Half my closet walls are covered with the peculiar fossils of the Lower Old Red Sandstone ; and certainly a stranger assemblage of forms have rarely been grouped together ; — creatures whose very type is lost, fantastic and uncouth, and which puzzle the naturalist to assign them even their class ; — boat-like animals, furnished with oars and a rudder ; — fish plated over, like the tortoise, above and below, with a strong armor of bone, and furnished with but one solitary rudderlike fin ; other...
Page 87 - I have also shown in my sketch another layer of workable coal (at dd), which breaks out on the slope of the hills at a greater height. Here almost every proprietor can open a coal-pit on his own land, and the stratification being very regular, he may calculate with precision the depth at which coal may be won.
Page 110 - ... containing freshwater shells, terrestrial plants, and the teeth and bones of reptiles and fishes ; univalve shells prevailing in the upper, bivalves in the lower, and saurian remains in the intermediate beds ; the state in which the organic remains occur manifesting that they have been subject to the action of river currents, but not to attrition from the waves of the ocean.
Page 129 - ... these three strangers to meet at the termination of their journeys, and to compare their respective observations; how different would be the results to which each would have arrived, respecting the actual condition of Great Britain. The first would represent it as a thinly peopled region of barren mountains; the second, as a land of rich pastures, crowded with a flourishing population of manufacturers; the third, as a great corn-field, occupied by persons almost exclusively engaged in the pursuits...
Page 42 - Sandstone ; and certainly a stranger assemblage of forms have rarely been grouped together ; — creatures whose very type is lost, — fantastic and uncouth, and which puzzle the naturalist to assign them even their class; — boat-like animals, furnished with oars and a rudder; — fish plated over, like the tortoise, above and below, with a strong armour of bone, and furnished with but one solitary rudder-like fin ; — other fish, less equivocal in their form, but with the membranes of their...
Page 83 - Such carbonic acid, meeting with the protoxide of iron in solution, would unite with it and form a carbonate of iron ; and this mingling with fine mud, when the excess of carbonic acid wa< removed, might form beds or nodules of argillaceous iron-stone.* * Memoirs of GeoL Surrey, pp.
Page 42 - ... with thorns ; others glistening in an enamelled coat, as if beautifully japanned — the tail, in every instance among the less equivocal shapes, formed not equally, as in existing fish, on each side the central vertebral...
Page 106 - One of the limestones of the Middle Oolite has been called the " Coral Rag," because it consists, in part, of continuous beds of petrified corals, for the most part retaining the position in which they grew at the bottom of the sea. They belong chiefly to the genera Caryophyllia (fig.
Page 42 - ... and uncouth, and which puzzle the naturalist to assign them even their class ; boat-like animals, furnished with oars and a rudder ; fish plated over, like the tortoise, above and below, with a strong armour of bone, and furnished with but one solitary rudder-like fin ; other fish less equivocal in their form, but with the membranes of their fins thickly covered with scales ; creatures bristling over with thorns ; others glistening in an enamelled coat, as if beautifully japanned ; the tail,...