the enquiry, is Jofephus. Jofephus was born at Jerufalem four years after Christ's afcenfion. He wrote his hiftory of the Jewish war fome time after the destruction of Jerufalem, which happened in the year of our Lord feventy, that is, thirty-feven years after the afcenfion; and his hiftory of the Jews he finished in the year ninetythree, that is, fixty years after the afcenfion. At the head of each article, I have re ferred, by figures included in brackets, to the page of Dr. Lardner's volume, where the fection, from which the abridgement is made, begins. The edition ufed is that of 1741. I. (p. 14.) Mat. xi. 22.、 "When he (Jofeph) heard that Archelaus did reign in Judea, in the room of his father Herod, he was afraid to go thither: notwithstanding, being warned of God in a dream, he turned afide into the parts of Galilee." 1 In this paffage it is afferted, that Arche laus laus fucceeded Herod in Judea; `and it is implied, that his power did not extend to Galilee. Now we learn from Jofephus, that Herod the Great, whofe dominion included all the land of Ifrael, appointed Archelaus his fucceffor in Judea, and affigned the reft of his dominions to other fons; and that this difpofition was ratified, as to the main parts of it, by the Roman emperor St. Matthew fays, that Archelaus reigned, was king in Judea. Agreeably to this, we are informed by Jofephus, not only that. Herod appointed Archelaus his fucceffor in Judea, but that he also appointed him with the title of king; and the Greek verb Bareva, which the evangelift ufes to denote the government and rank of Archelaus, is used likewise by Jofephus †. The cruelty of Archelaus's character, which is not obfcurely intimated by the * Ant. lib. xvii. c. 8, fec. 1. + De Bell. lib. i. c. 33, fec. 7. evangelist, agrees with divers particulars in his hiftory, preserved by Jofephus." In the tenth year of his government, the chief of the Jews and Samaritans, not being able to endure his cruelty and tyranny, presented complaints against him to Cefar*." II. (p. 19.) Luke iii. 1. "In the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius Cefar-Herod being tetrarch of Galilee, and his brother Philip tetrarch of Iturea and of the region of Trachonitis-the word of God came unto John." By the will of Herod the Great, and the decree of Auguftus thereupon, his two fons were appointed, one (Herod Antipas) tetrarch of Galilee and Peræa, and the other (Philip) tetrarch of Trachonitis and the neighbouring countries. We have therefore these two perfons in the fituations in which St. Luke places them; and also, that they were in these fituations in the fifteenth Ant. lib. xvii. c. 13, fec. 1. † Ant. lib. xvii. c. 8, fec. 1. year year of Tiberius, in other words, that they continued in poffeffion of their territories and titles until that time, and afterwards, appears from a paffage of Jofephus, which relates of Herod, "that he was removed by Caligula, the fucceffor of Tiberius * ; and of Philip, that he died in the twentieth year Tiberius, when he had governed Trachonitis and Batanea and Gaulanitis thirty-feven years t. of "Herod III. (p. 20.) Mark v. 17. had fent forth, and laid hold upon John, and bound him in prifon, for Herodias' fake, his brother Philip's wife; for he had married her." With this compare Jof. Ant. 1. xviii. c. 6, fec. 1." He (Herod the tetrarch) made a vifit to Herod his brother-Here, falling in love with Herodias, the wife of the faid * Ant. lib. xviii. c. 8, fec. 2. See alfo Mat. xiv. 1-13. Luke iii. 19. Herod, Herod, he ventured to make her proposals of marriage*.' : Again, Mark vi. 22. "And when the daughter of the faid Herodias came in and danced With this alfo compare Jof. Ant. 1. xviii. c. 6. fec. 4. "Herodias was married to Herod, fon of Herod the Great. They had a daughter, whose name was Salome; after *The affinity of the two accounts is unquestionable; but there is a difference in the name of Herodias's firft husband, which, in the evangelift, is Philip; in Jofephus, Herod. The difficulty, however, will not appear confiderable, when we recollect how common it was, in thofe times, for the fame perfon to bear two names: "Simon which is called Peter; Lebbeus, whofe furname is Thaddeus; Thomas, which is called Didymus ; Simeon, who was called Niger; Saul, who was also called Paul." The folution is rendered likewife eafier in the present cafe, by the confideration, that Herod the Great had children by feven or eight wives; that Jofephus mentions three of his fons under the name of Herod; that it is nevertheless highly probable," that the brothers bore fome additional name, by which they were diftinguished from one another. Lard. vol. ii. p. 897 whofe |