Pakistan's Scientific Expeditions to Antarctica

abundant Actinociclus Antarctic Expedition Antarctic region Antarctic Research Programme Antarctic Science Antarctic Treaty System Automatic Weather Station benthic Breid Bay Brekilen Bay Bried Bay centric diatoms chlorophyll climatic Coscinodiscus centralis crabeater seals diatoms earth EAST ANTARCTIC East Antarctica environment environmental established expedition to Antarctica fish geological global GRAVITY ANOMALY ice core ice sheet ice shelf Institute of Oceanography interest in Antarctica International Geophysical Iqbal Observatory January JINNAH BASE Karachi land launching logistic magnetic and gravity marine Meteorological meter mineral Ministry of Science National Institute observed organisms Pakistan Antarctic Pakistan Army Pakistan Meteorological Department Pakistan Navy Pakistan Scientific Expedition PAKISTAN'S SCIENTIFIC Pakistani scientists penguins phytoplankton picophytoplankton polar research Princess Ragnhild coast Rabbani radiation recorded research activities research in Antarctica research stations Rhizosolenia alata rocks samples SCAR Science & Technology seals SECOND EXPEDITION sediments southern ocean species temperature transect white continent wind speed