Speech and Language Processing: An Introduction to Natural Language Processing, Computational Linguistics, and Speech RecognitionFor undergraduate or advanced undergraduate courses in Classical Natural Language Processing, Statistical Natural Language Processing, Speech Recognition, Computational Linguistics, and Human Language Processing.
An explosion of Web-based language techniques, merging of distinct fields, availability of phone-based dialogue systems, and much more make this an exciting time in speech and language processing. The first of its kind to thoroughly cover language technology - at all levels and with all modern technologies - this text takes an empirical approach to the subject, based on applying statistical and other machine-learning algorithms to large corporations. The authors cover areas that traditionally are taught in different courses, to describe a unified vision of speech and language processing. Emphasis is on practical applications and scientific evaluation. An accompanying Website contains teaching materials for instructors, with pointers to language processing resources on the Web. The Second Edition offers a significant amount of new and extended material.
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From inside the book
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... Likelihood Computation : The Forward Algorithm Our first problem is to compute the likelihood of a particular observation sequence . For example , given the HMM in Fig . 6.2b , what is the probability of the sequence 3 1 3 ? More ...
... likelihood of these feature vectors given an HMM state . Recall from Chapter 6 that this output likelihood is computed by the B probability function of the HMM . Given an individual state q ; and an observation of , the observation ...
... likelihood bj ( ot ) of a D - dimensional fea- ture vector of given HMM state j , using a diagonal - covariance multivariate Gaussian . D bj ( 01 ) = II 2πσ ? d = 1 1 exp jd ( 1 1 , ( Ord - μja ) 2 σjd2 ( 9.34 ) Training a diagonal ...
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Speech and Language Processing: An Introduction to Natural Language ... Daniel Jurafsky,James H. Martin No preview available - 2009 |