Speech and Language Processing: An Introduction to Natural Language Processing, Computational Linguistics, and Speech RecognitionFor undergraduate or advanced undergraduate courses in Classical Natural Language Processing, Statistical Natural Language Processing, Speech Recognition, Computational Linguistics, and Human Language Processing.
An explosion of Web-based language techniques, merging of distinct fields, availability of phone-based dialogue systems, and much more make this an exciting time in speech and language processing. The first of its kind to thoroughly cover language technology - at all levels and with all modern technologies - this text takes an empirical approach to the subject, based on applying statistical and other machine-learning algorithms to large corporations. The authors cover areas that traditionally are taught in different courses, to describe a unified vision of speech and language processing. Emphasis is on practical applications and scientific evaluation. An accompanying Website contains teaching materials for instructors, with pointers to language processing resources on the Web. The Second Edition offers a significant amount of new and extended material.
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... bigram probability of a word y given a previ- ous word x , we'll compute the count of the bigram C ( xy ) and normalize by the sum of all the bigrams that share the same first word x : P ( wn Wn - 1 ) = C ( wn - 1wn ) Σw C ( wn - 1W ) ...
... bigrams by first generating a random bigram that starts with <s> (according to its bigram probability), then choos- ing a random bigram to follow (again, according to its bigram probability), and so on. To give an intuition for the ...
... ( bigram ) SE { Reference Summaries } bigramЄS ( 23.42 ) Count ( bigram ) SE { Reference Summaries } bigramĒS The function Countmatch ( bigram ) returns the maximum number of bigrams that co - occur in the candidate summary and the set of ...
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Speech and Language Processing: An Introduction to Natural Language ... Daniel Jurafsky,James H. Martin No preview available - 2009 |