Islam and Political Development in Turkey

according acts al-Din Algiers Allah Amir Anatolia appears Arab authority became become Bibliography British building built Cairo caliph called capital centre century Christian considered Constantine continued cotton death district early East eastern Egypt empire especially established example exported expression fact force French further given gives governor hand honorifics idem important India industries Islamic Istanbul Khan king known Kutb Kuwayt lands language later London means mentioned Middle mosque Muḥammad Muslim nature northern noted origin Ottoman Paris period Persian play poet population port present production province references region remained rule ruler seems Shah sources sultan Syria term tion titles town trade tradition tribes Turkish University various western