Waste Products and Undeveloped Substances: A Synopsis of Progress ; Made in Their Economic Utilisation During the Last Quarter of a Century at Home and Abroad |
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alkali ammonia animal annually applied asbestos ashes boilers boiling bones burning cakes carbon cattle cent charcoal chemical chloride cloth coal coal-tar coke collected colour contains converted cotton distillation dried employed esparto extracted facture fertilising fibre fish France fuel furnaces gelatin glycerine guano heat hectolitre horse-flesh horses hydrochloric acid important iodine iron jute kilogrammes large quantities leather leaves lime manu manufacture manure material matter Messrs metal million mixed mixture moulds nitric acid nitrogen obtained offal ordinary ozokerit paper paper-making paraffin Paris patent peat phosphate piculs placed plants potash pounds powder prepared profit pulp purposes pyrites rags rattans refuse residue salt sand scrap sea-weed seed silica silk silver skin slag soap soda sold solution steam substance sugar sulphate sulphuric acid supply thrown tons United Kingdom utilised valuable vegetable washed waste wood wool yield
Popular passages
Page 291 - Weissenfeld, who has bought it from the originator, and from several experiments deduced the following results : — 1. It is not only possible to produce every variety of paper from the blades of Indian corn, but the product is equal, and in some cases even superior, to the article manufactured from rags. 2. The paper requires but very little size to render it fit for writing purposes, as the pulp naturally contains a large proportion of that necessary ingredient, which can at the same time be easily...
Page 218 - It is next baked in small flat cakes, with water, rendered slightly mucilaginous, by the addition of some decoction of linseed, mallow stalks and leaves, lime-tree bark, or any other such substance. Professor Autenrieth prefers marsh-mallow roots, of which one ounce renders eighteen quarts of water sufficiently mucilaginous, and these serve to form four pounds and a half of wood flour into cakes.
Page 288 - In less than a month the change is most extraordinary ; the whole region becomes a luxuriant wood of enormous thistles, which have suddenly shot up to a height of ten or eleven feet, and are all in full bloom. The road or path is hemmed in on both sides ; the view is completely obstructed ; not an animal is to be seen ; and the stems of the thistles are so close to each other, and so strong, that, independent of the prickles with which they are armed, they form an impenetrable barrier.
Page 248 - They have canes of the length, of fifteen paces, such as have been already described, which they split, in their whole length, into very thin pieces, and these, by twisting them together, they form into ropes three hundred paces long.
Page 398 - He had been so unfortunate as to be amongst the number, as he had devoted a great proportion of his time, during a quarter of a century, and a large amount of both money and labour to this hitherto delusive subject. He commenced by demonstrating...
Page 245 - They cost, however, a mere trifle ; they are found exposed for sale in every town, and in every village, and the pedestrian supplies himself with new shoes as he goes along, while the more provident man always carries two or three pair with him for use, throwing them away as they wear out. " Old worn-out shoes of this description are found lying everywhere by the sides of the roads, especially near rivulets, where travellers, on changing their shoes, have an opportunity, at the same time, of washing...
Page 4 - ... blancmanges for her friends. This economy of the Chemistry of Art is only in imitation of what we observe in the Chemistry of Nature. Animals live and die; their dead bodies, passing into putridity, escape into the atmosphere, whence plants again mould them into forms of organic life; and these plants, actually consisting of a past generation of ancestors, form our present food.
Page 189 - The acorns are gathered by the squaws, and are preserved in various methods. The most common plan is to build a basket with twigs and rushes in an oak-tree, and keep the acorns there. The acorns are prepared for eating by grinding them and boiling them with water into a thick paste, or by baking them into bread. The oven is a hole in the ground about 18 inches cubic.
Page 97 - ... relative proportion of nutritive matter. The bones, including their animal matter, are the most durable parts of the animal fabric ; hence the proposal of storing them up, as occasional sources of nutriment ; for not only is the cartilaginous portion unimpaired in bones which have been kept dry for many years, but it has even been found perfect in bones of apparently antediluvian origin. The best mode of extracting the nutritious part of bone for human food consists in grinding it fine, and subjecting...
Page 390 - An ultimate analysis yields, on the average, carbon 85 per cent, and hydrogen 15 per cent It is insoluble in water, is indifferent to the most powerful acids, alkalies, and chlorine, and can be distilled unchanged with strong sulphuric acid. Warm alcohol, ether, oil of turpentine, olive oil, benzol, chloroform, and carbon disulphide dissolve it readily.