The Present Tense in Modern Hindi FictionThe Present Tense in Modern Hindi Fiction contributes to the interpretation of Hindi prose by analysing the use of the present tense in over 250 texts. While sketching the history of the present tense in Hindi fiction, the book focuses primarily on the narrative techniques that invite its use, such as interior monologue, free indirect discourse, consonant psycho-narration, and camera eye. Moreover, it offers a fresh interpretation of the two types of present tense found in Hindi. The indexes of authors, titles, and analytical concepts provide easy access to the analyses. The book will also be of interest to scholars studying the use of the present tense in modern fiction worldwide. The present tense is used more widely in Hindi than in languages such as English, and some trends that are also found in the literatures of other languages (such as the occurrence of the present tense in internal sensory focalisation) are more clearly visible in Hindi fiction. More importantly, a new explanation of present-tense passages is proposed which can also be applied elsewhere. Insight into this technique, referred to as Internal Focalisation of Awareness, leads to a better understanding of present-tense texts. |
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Page 128
Here , too , the second part of the sen- tence leads one to interpret its first part as a subjective retroversion . ... in spite of the occurrence of the past tense - which in an interior monologue cannot be used but for retroversions .
Here , too , the second part of the sen- tence leads one to interpret its first part as a subjective retroversion . ... in spite of the occurrence of the past tense - which in an interior monologue cannot be used but for retroversions .
Page 131
( 121 ) .25 The memories feature internal sensory focalisation , subjective retroversions and antic- ipations , and thoughts , feelings and actions of the I - as - character . Since in his comment the narrator does not evaluate his past ...
( 121 ) .25 The memories feature internal sensory focalisation , subjective retroversions and antic- ipations , and thoughts , feelings and actions of the I - as - character . Since in his comment the narrator does not evaluate his past ...
Page 135
In the case of retroversions , the discus- sion of their possible ambiguity is hampered by the fact that no proper study exists of the use of tenses in retroversions in Hindi . The discussion further shows that , as in some examples of ...
In the case of retroversions , the discus- sion of their possible ambiguity is hampered by the fact that no proper study exists of the use of tenses in retroversions in Hindi . The discussion further shows that , as in some examples of ...
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Contents
Quoted discourse and internal focalisation | 14 |
Internal focalisation of awareness | 33 |
Psychological insight in early texts | 48 |
Copyright | |
9 other sections not shown
Common terms and phrases
actions actorial addresses appears awareness beginning belongs brief called chapter character character-bound character's close comes concerned consonant psycho-narration contains contents continuous present contrast deals Delhi direct discussed effect emotional entire example experiencing explained expresses eyes fact feelings final flashback forms frequent furnished girl haim hand Hindi hūṁ indicated initial inquit insight interior monologue internal focalisation interpretation introduction lack later leave less look main character means meṁ mind moment mother narrative narrator narratorial nature noted novel observed occurs paragraph passage past tense perception performing person preceding present tense protagonist quoted rahā rahi reader refer remembers retroversions reveals scene seems seen sentence shows similar situation starts story style subjective suggests take place taken takes techniques tells term thinking third thoughts tion told verb woman written
Bibliographic information
| Title | The Present Tense in Modern Hindi Fiction Brill Book Archive Part 1, ISBN: 9789004472495 Volume 12 of Gonda indological studies, ISSN 1382-3442 |
| Author | Th Damsteegt |
| Publisher | Egbert Forsten, 2004 |
| Original from | the University of Michigan |
| Digitized | 9 May 2008 |
| ISBN | 9069801477, 9789069801476 |
| Length | 243 pages |
| Export Citation | BiBTeX EndNote RefMan |