The Present Tense in Modern Hindi FictionThe Present Tense in Modern Hindi Fiction contributes to the interpretation of Hindi prose by analysing the use of the present tense in over 250 texts. While sketching the history of the present tense in Hindi fiction, the book focuses primarily on the narrative techniques that invite its use, such as interior monologue, free indirect discourse, consonant psycho-narration, and camera eye. Moreover, it offers a fresh interpretation of the two types of present tense found in Hindi. The indexes of authors, titles, and analytical concepts provide easy access to the analyses. The book will also be of interest to scholars studying the use of the present tense in modern fiction worldwide. The present tense is used more widely in Hindi than in languages such as English, and some trends that are also found in the literatures of other languages (such as the occurrence of the present tense in internal sensory focalisation) are more clearly visible in Hindi fiction. More importantly, a new explanation of present-tense passages is proposed which can also be applied elsewhere. Insight into this technique, referred to as Internal Focalisation of Awareness, leads to a better understanding of present-tense texts. |
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Page 87
it is experienced by the mother , the son , and to a slight extent the daughter - in - law . The initial part of the text deals with the mother's impressions , for example , " The sides of the river have frozen ( jam gae haim ) .
it is experienced by the mother , the son , and to a slight extent the daughter - in - law . The initial part of the text deals with the mother's impressions , for example , " The sides of the river have frozen ( jam gae haim ) .
Page 171
21 ing in favour of that interpretation is the fact that in the ' stage directions ' the mother is almost always indicated with the same two words that the daughter and Susan also use when addressing the mother , to wit , ammu and ammi ...
21 ing in favour of that interpretation is the fact that in the ' stage directions ' the mother is almost always indicated with the same two words that the daughter and Susan also use when addressing the mother , to wit , ammu and ammi ...
Page 174
56 when the mother speaks of the importance for a mother of having a daugh- ter . The mother is occasionally indicated as māṁ when the nurse takes care of her ( 101 ) but a coun- terexample is found on the same page : " Susan offers the ...
56 when the mother speaks of the importance for a mother of having a daugh- ter . The mother is occasionally indicated as māṁ when the nurse takes care of her ( 101 ) but a coun- terexample is found on the same page : " Susan offers the ...
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Contents
Quoted discourse and internal focalisation | 14 |
Internal focalisation of awareness | 33 |
Psychological insight in early texts | 48 |
Copyright | |
9 other sections not shown
Common terms and phrases
actions actorial addresses appears awareness beginning belongs brief called chapter character character-bound character's close comes concerned consonant psycho-narration contains contents continuous present contrast deals Delhi direct discussed effect emotional entire example experiencing explained expresses eyes fact feelings final flashback forms frequent furnished girl haim hand Hindi hūṁ indicated initial inquit insight interior monologue internal focalisation interpretation introduction lack later leave less look main character means meṁ mind moment mother narrative narrator narratorial nature noted novel observed occurs paragraph passage past tense perception performing person preceding present tense protagonist quoted rahā rahi reader refer remembers retroversions reveals scene seems seen sentence shows similar situation starts story style subjective suggests take place taken takes techniques tells term thinking third thoughts tion told verb woman written
Bibliographic information
| Title | The Present Tense in Modern Hindi Fiction Brill Book Archive Part 1, ISBN: 9789004472495 Volume 12 of Gonda indological studies, ISSN 1382-3442 |
| Author | Th Damsteegt |
| Publisher | Egbert Forsten, 2004 |
| Original from | the University of Michigan |
| Digitized | 9 May 2008 |
| ISBN | 9069801477, 9789069801476 |
| Length | 243 pages |
| Export Citation | BiBTeX EndNote RefMan |