The Present Tense in Modern Hindi FictionThe Present Tense in Modern Hindi Fiction contributes to the interpretation of Hindi prose by analysing the use of the present tense in over 250 texts. While sketching the history of the present tense in Hindi fiction, the book focuses primarily on the narrative techniques that invite its use, such as interior monologue, free indirect discourse, consonant psycho-narration, and camera eye. Moreover, it offers a fresh interpretation of the two types of present tense found in Hindi. The indexes of authors, titles, and analytical concepts provide easy access to the analyses. The book will also be of interest to scholars studying the use of the present tense in modern fiction worldwide. The present tense is used more widely in Hindi than in languages such as English, and some trends that are also found in the literatures of other languages (such as the occurrence of the present tense in internal sensory focalisation) are more clearly visible in Hindi fiction. More importantly, a new explanation of present-tense passages is proposed which can also be applied elsewhere. Insight into this technique, referred to as Internal Focalisation of Awareness, leads to a better understanding of present-tense texts. |
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Page 103
kuch pūch rahe haiṁ ( “ Dillī meṁ ek aur maut ” 120 ) versus [ ... ] dhīre se hāth dabākar pūchtā hai ( “ Khoi hui diśāeṁ ” 40 ) ; lauṭnă " return " : candar [ ... ] lauț rahā hai in “ Khoi hui diśāem " ( quoted be- low ) as against ...
kuch pūch rahe haiṁ ( “ Dillī meṁ ek aur maut ” 120 ) versus [ ... ] dhīre se hāth dabākar pūchtā hai ( “ Khoi hui diśāeṁ ” 40 ) ; lauṭnă " return " : candar [ ... ] lauț rahā hai in “ Khoi hui diśāem " ( quoted be- low ) as against ...
Page 109
Later in the novel , the following passage occurs : dahliz par khaṛe bābā jhum rahe haiṁ . ṭhokar khākar gir parte haim , uthte haim , aur laṛkhaṛāte hue aṁdar jāte haiṁ ( 39 ) “ Standing on the threshold , father is stag- gering .
Later in the novel , the following passage occurs : dahliz par khaṛe bābā jhum rahe haiṁ . ṭhokar khākar gir parte haim , uthte haim , aur laṛkhaṛāte hue aṁdar jāte haiṁ ( 39 ) “ Standing on the threshold , father is stag- gering .
Page 213
The one who is wearing ( pahne hue haiṁ ) a khaddar kurta and sandals , is called ( unkā nām hai ) pandit Oṁkārnāth . He is ( haim ) the famous editor of the daily “ Bijli ” [ ... ] . The second gentleman , who is ( haim ) in coat and ...
The one who is wearing ( pahne hue haiṁ ) a khaddar kurta and sandals , is called ( unkā nām hai ) pandit Oṁkārnāth . He is ( haim ) the famous editor of the daily “ Bijli ” [ ... ] . The second gentleman , who is ( haim ) in coat and ...
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Contents
Quoted discourse and internal focalisation | 14 |
Internal focalisation of awareness | 33 |
Psychological insight in early texts | 48 |
Copyright | |
9 other sections not shown
Common terms and phrases
actions actorial addresses appears awareness beginning belongs brief called chapter character character-bound character's close comes concerned consonant psycho-narration contains contents continuous present contrast deals Delhi direct discussed effect emotional entire example experiencing explained expresses eyes fact feelings final flashback forms frequent furnished girl haim hand Hindi hūṁ indicated initial inquit insight interior monologue internal focalisation interpretation introduction lack later leave less look main character means meṁ mind moment mother narrative narrator narratorial nature noted novel observed occurs paragraph passage past tense perception performing person preceding present tense protagonist quoted rahā rahi reader refer remembers retroversions reveals scene seems seen sentence shows similar situation starts story style subjective suggests take place taken takes techniques tells term thinking third thoughts tion told verb woman written
Bibliographic information
| Title | The Present Tense in Modern Hindi Fiction Brill Book Archive Part 1, ISBN: 9789004472495 Volume 12 of Gonda indological studies, ISSN 1382-3442 |
| Author | Th Damsteegt |
| Publisher | Egbert Forsten, 2004 |
| Original from | the University of Michigan |
| Digitized | 9 May 2008 |
| ISBN | 9069801477, 9789069801476 |
| Length | 243 pages |
| Export Citation | BiBTeX EndNote RefMan |