History of civilizations of Central Asia: The Age of Achievement: A.D. 750 to the End of the Fifteenth CenturyPart One: The Historical, Social and Economic SettingDuring the eight centuries covered in this volume, the new faith of Islam arose in Arabia and gradually spread eastwards and northwards, eventually affecting much of Central Asia, the southern fringes of Siberia and the eastern regions of China. These were also the centuries in which nomadic and military empires arose in the heart of Asia, impinging on the history of adjacent, well-established civilizations and cultures (China, India, Islamic Western Asia and Christian eastern and central Europe) to an unparalleled extent. Lamaist Buddhism established itself inthe Mongolian region and in Tibet and Islam among the Turkish people of Transoxania, southern Siberia and Xinjiang. It was in Eastern Europe, above all in Russia, that the Turco-Mongol Golden Horde was to have a major, enduring influence on the course of the region's history. |
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Abbasid Abū Muslim Afghanistan Ahmad al-Din Muhammad amirs appanage Arab army Arslan Baghdad Balkh Barthold became Bosworth Bukhara caliph campaign capital Central Asia Chaghatay China Chinese Chinggis Khan coins copper cultural death defeated Delhi dinars dirhams dynasty eastern empire established Ferghana Ghazna Ghaznavid Ghiyath al-Din Ghur Ghurid governor Hasan Herat Hindu Husayn Ibrahim imam India Iran Iranian lands Iraq Islam Kaghan Kara Khitay Karakhanids Karluk Kashmir Khan's Khurasan Khwarazm Khwarazm Shah Khwarazmian Kimek Kipchak Kitan Kyrgyz later leaders Mahmud Malik Mas'ud Merv military minting Mongol Mongolia Mu'izz al-Din Nasr Nishapur Nizām Nizami nomadic northern Oghuz Oxus Persian political provinces region reign religious rule ruler Samanid Samarkand Sanjar Sarbadars Sayyid Seljuq Shāh Shi'ite silver Sistan Sogdian steppes Sufi sultan Syr Darya Tangut Tegin Tekish tenth century territories throne Timur Timurids towns trade Transoxania tribal tribes Turkic Turkish Turkmens Türks Uighur Ulugh Beg vassal western Yeh-lü