St. Augustine and the Theory of Just WarThe decline of the Roman Empire gave rise to two problems, which combined to form one of the most perplexing philosophical questions of late antiquity. On the one hand, Rome found itself under constant military threat as various tribes from the north and east encroached along its borders to fill the power vacuum left by the receding Empire. On the other hand, adherents to the Empire's new official faith - Christianity - found themselves without clear guidance as to what military roles their faith would permit; the death of the apostles left them without revelatory guidance, and the New Testament writings were not definitive on the subject. The question, then, became: "Can a Christian answer the empire's call to military duty and still answer a clear conscience before God?" Fifth-century philosopher, St Augustine of Hippo, sought to provide a solution to the two problems. His approach formed the foundation of the 'just war' tradition, which has had enormous influence upon moral-philosophical thought on military issues in the West ever since. This major new study identifies the fundamental Augustinian premises and evaluates them in light of historical, neo-Platonic, and Christian contexts. It also identifies the effect of the Augustinian legacy upon medieval and modern philosophical reflections on the nature of warfare and on how war might be waged justly and morally. |
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Page ix
... result, the prism through which the West tends to view the world bears the unmistakable hallmarks of Augustinism ... results from the nature of the Augustinian synthesis itself. Augustine recognizes the tension that the idea of a just ...
... result, the prism through which the West tends to view the world bears the unmistakable hallmarks of Augustinism ... results from the nature of the Augustinian synthesis itself. Augustine recognizes the tension that the idea of a just ...
Page 2
... entire subsequent develop- ment of the Western world. That lasting impression comes as the direct result of the synthesis which Augustine achieves between the Western philosophical 2 Saint Augustine and the Theory of Just War.
... entire subsequent develop- ment of the Western world. That lasting impression comes as the direct result of the synthesis which Augustine achieves between the Western philosophical 2 Saint Augustine and the Theory of Just War.
Page 4
... result , the contexts in which the subject arises are equally varied . Sometimes he presents his views in the setting of a ' formal treatise'.36 Sometimes just war is a principal topic of a chapter or section.37 At other times , the ...
... result , the contexts in which the subject arises are equally varied . Sometimes he presents his views in the setting of a ' formal treatise'.36 Sometimes just war is a principal topic of a chapter or section.37 At other times , the ...
Page 5
... resulting monolith is such that even Augustine himself 'cannot lay hold of one link in the chain without drawing the whole chain',49 and one 'who tries to examine it link by link is in constant danger of putting too much strain upon it ...
... resulting monolith is such that even Augustine himself 'cannot lay hold of one link in the chain without drawing the whole chain',49 and one 'who tries to examine it link by link is in constant danger of putting too much strain upon it ...
Page 6
... resulting mosaic one with which the beholder is reluctant to tamper . Nonetheless , if one is willing to venture , ' Augustine's spontaneous reactions , . . . as they appear at random in his sermons and letters , will often provide us ...
... resulting mosaic one with which the beholder is reluctant to tamper . Nonetheless , if one is willing to venture , ' Augustine's spontaneous reactions , . . . as they appear at random in his sermons and letters , will often provide us ...
Contents
1 | |
14 | |
3 Augustines JustWar Theory | 44 |
4 NeoPlatonism and the Augustinian Just War | 92 |
5 Christianity and the Augustinian Just War | 121 |
6 Augustines Theory and Beyond | 161 |
Bibliography | 180 |
Index | 191 |
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Common terms and phrases
Ambrose Amorites Ante-Nicene Fathers army Augus Augustine argues Augustine takes Augustine's just-war theory Augustinian authority Bainton barbarians bellum principle Book of Psalms Catholic cause Christ Christian Church Cicero Cirta citizens City of God claim comparative justice considered defence doctrine Donatist earthly city enemy evil example exists fact faith Fathers Faustus the Manichaean fight Gilson God’s Hence hierarchy History human Ibid injustice James Turner Johnson Jesus jus ad bellum jus in bello justified kind Letter Lord's Sermon Manichæan means merely moral Moses nation nature Neo-Platonic Nevertheless NPNF VII NPNFI Old Testament one’s pacifist Patristic writers peace philosophical Plato Plotinus political position Princeton problem Psalms punishment reason Reply to Faustus result right intention righteous Roman Empire Rome says Augustine Scriptures soldiers sovereign specifically temporal things tine tion Translated true justice ultimate University Press violence violent action virtue wage wars fought writings York