Principles of Artificial IntelligenceA classic introduction to artificial intelligence intended to bridge the gap between theory and practice, Principles of Artificial Intelligence describes fundamental AI ideas that underlie applications such as natural language processing, automatic programming, robotics, machine vision, automatic theorem proving, and intelligent data retrieval. Rather than focusing on the subject matter of the applications, the book is organized around general computational concepts involving the kinds of data structures used, the types of operations performed on the data structures, and the properties of the control strategies used. Principles of Artificial Intelligenceevolved from the author's courses and seminars at Stanford University and University of Massachusetts, Amherst, and is suitable for text use in a senior or graduate AI course, or for individual study. |
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Page 140
... universal specialization , produces the wff W ( A ) from the wff ( Vx ) W ( x ) , where A is any constant symbol . Using modus ponens and universal specialization together , for example , produces the wff W2 ( A ) from the wffs ( Vx ) ...
... universal specialization , produces the wff W ( A ) from the wff ( Vx ) W ( x ) , where A is any constant symbol . Using modus ponens and universal specialization together , for example , produces the wff W2 ( A ) from the wffs ( Vx ) ...
Page 147
... universal quantifiers whose scopes include the scope of the existential quantifier being eliminated . Function symbols used in Skolem functions must be new in the sense that they cannot be ones that already occur in the wff . Thus , we ...
... universal quantifiers whose scopes include the scope of the existential quantifier being eliminated . Function symbols used in Skolem functions must be new in the sense that they cannot be ones that already occur in the wff . Thus , we ...
Page 205
... Universal variables in goals are replaced by Skolem functions of the existential variables in whose scopes these universal variables reside . Recall that in resolution refutation systems , goal wffs are negated , converting universal ...
... Universal variables in goals are replaced by Skolem functions of the existential variables in whose scopes these universal variables reside . Recall that in resolution refutation systems , goal wffs are negated , converting universal ...
Contents
PROLOGUE | 1 |
PRODUCTION SYSTEMS AND AI | 17 |
SEARCH STRATEGIES FOR | 53 |
Copyright | |
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Common terms and phrases
8-puzzle achieve actions Adders AI production algorithm AND/OR graph applied Artificial Intelligence atomic formula backed-up value backtracking backward block breadth-first breadth-first search called chapter clause form CLEAR(C component contains control regime control strategy cost Deleters delineation depth-first search described discussed disjunction domain element-of evaluation function example existentially quantified F-rule formula frame problem global database goal expression goal node goal stack goal wff graph-search HANDEMPTY heuristic HOLDING(A implication initial state description knowledge literal nodes logic methods monotone restriction natural language processing negation node labeled ONTABLE(A optimal path pickup(A precondition predicate calculus problem-solving procedure production system proof prove recursive regress represent representation resolution refutation result robot problem rule applications search graph search tree selected semantic network sequence shown in Figure Skolem function solution graph solve stack(A STRIPS structure subgoal substitutions successors Suppose symbols termination condition theorem theorem-proving tip nodes universally quantified unstack(C,A variables WORKS-IN