Causal Learning: Psychology, Philosophy, and ComputationAlison Gopnik, Laura Schulz Understanding causal structure is a central task of human cognition. Causal learning underpins the development of our concepts and categories, our intuitive theories, and our capacities for planning, imagination and inference. During the last few years, there has been an interdisciplinary revolution in our understanding of learning and reasoning: Researchers in philosophy, psychology, and computation have discovered new mechanisms for learning the causal structure of the world. This new work provides a rigorous, formal basis for theory theories of concepts and cognitive development, and moreover, the causal learning mechanisms it has uncovered go dramatically beyond the traditional mechanisms of both nativist theories, such as modularity theories, and empiricist ones, such as association or connectionism. |
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Page 2
... particular input-output links. So, all that the philosophers and computationalists seem to be doing, on either side, is to tell us empirical developmental psychologists not to believe our eyes. Actually, I think Gopnik puts it quite ...
... particular input-output links. So, all that the philosophers and computationalists seem to be doing, on either side, is to tell us empirical developmental psychologists not to believe our eyes. Actually, I think Gopnik puts it quite ...
Page 3
... particular hypotheses could be proposed and could be falsified (definitely) or confirmed (tentatively). The origins of those hypotheses were mysterious; there was no way of explaining how the evidence itself could INTRODUCTION 3.
... particular hypotheses could be proposed and could be falsified (definitely) or confirmed (tentatively). The origins of those hypotheses were mysterious; there was no way of explaining how the evidence itself could INTRODUCTION 3.
Page 4
... particular, it constrains the conditional independencies among those variables. Given a particular causal structure, only some patterns of conditional independence will occur among the variables. Conditional and unconditional dependence ...
... particular, it constrains the conditional independencies among those variables. Given a particular causal structure, only some patterns of conditional independence will occur among the variables. Conditional and unconditional dependence ...
Page 6
... particular variables in a graph on other variables. (We can also sometimes make accurate predictions about the effects of interventions that do not meet all these conditions). In causal Bayes nets, interventions systematically alter the ...
... particular variables in a graph on other variables. (We can also sometimes make accurate predictions about the effects of interventions that do not meet all these conditions). In causal Bayes nets, interventions systematically alter the ...
Page 7
... particular causal structures, given the Markov, intervention, and faithfulness assumptions, just as only certain conclusions follow from particular logical premises given the axioms of logic. From: mherskovits@psych.ucarcadia.arcadia ...
... particular causal structures, given the Markov, intervention, and faithfulness assumptions, just as only certain conclusions follow from particular logical premises given the axioms of logic. From: mherskovits@psych.ucarcadia.arcadia ...
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Causal Learning: Psychology, Philosophy, and Computation Alison Gopnik,Laura Schulz Limited preview - 2007 |
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