Livestock Production Systems and Livestock Development in Tropical Africa

Addis Abeba agricultural areas arid zone average beef breeds Burundi calving rate cattle constraint countries crop agriculture crop-livestock cultivation dairy development dry season ecological zones economic estimated Ethiopia FAO Production Yearbook farming systems feed fertility figures function of livestock grain grazing growth rate herd highlands human population humid zone ILCA important improved income increase inputs intensification intensive Kenya kg/ha labour land livestock development livestock population livestock production systems liveweight maize manure meat and milk milk production mixed farming N'dama Nigeria pastoral systems pastoralists population densities population pressure potential poultry production and productivity rainfall ranching development ranching systems ratios resource role Ruthenberg 1980 Sahel semi-arid sheep smallholder soil Source species subsistence Table Tanzania teff tion traditional trypanosomiasis trypanotolerant tsetse challenge tsetse control tsetse flies tsetse infestation Uganda Upper Volta West Africa yield Zaire Zambia Zebu Zimbabwe