On Understanding Grammar

accusative object agent Almaz anaphoric anaphoric pronoun argument background Bantu Bantu languages behavior Bemba benefactive Bikol canines case-function case-marking Chapter child clitic coding cognitive complex consider constraint constructions context coreferent corresponding affirmative dative dative-shift definite deleted diachronic diachronic change direct-object direct-object-only discourse discussion Dwight Bolinger embedded English explanation fact formal function further Givon grammar Hasan hearer Hebrew human language indefinite involves John Keenan Kipes Krio lexical linguistics marked markedness marker Mary modal morpheme morphology negation negative sentences neutral pattern nonaccusative objects noun obligatory obviously passive sentences perceptual pongids prepositional presupposed presuppositional presuppositionality principle promotion properties recoverability referential referential-indefinite relative clauses relativization restriction rule Rwanda scope Section semantic speaker speech acts strategy structure suffix Swahili synchronic syntactic syntacticization syntax text counts tion tive topic topic-comment topic-shift transformational-generative typology umuana universe unmarked variant verb verb-coding WH-questions woman word-order yesterday